How the arithmetic works
Each length is converted to inches: total inches = feet × 12 + inches + fraction. The operation is done in inches, then the result is converted back: feet = whole number of (inches ÷ 12), and the remainder is split into whole inches and a fraction rounded to your chosen precision and reduced (8/16 becomes 1/2).
Metric values use the exact international definition 1 inch = 2.54 cm, so 1 foot = 0.3048 m.
Worked example
5′ 7 3/8″ + 2′ 8 3/4″: A = 5 × 12 + 7 + 0.375 = 67.375 in and B = 2 × 12 + 8 + 0.75 = 32.75 in. The sum is 100.125 in, which is 8 ft (96 in) plus 4.125 in, or 8′ 4 1/8″. That is 8.3438 decimal feet and 2.5432 m.
To cut 30-inch pieces from an 8-foot board, choose How many B fit in A: 96 ÷ 30 = 3.2, so you get 3 whole pieces with 6 inches left over, before allowing for saw kerf.
Rounding
The feet-inches result is rounded to the nearest 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 or 1/16 inch, and the rounding difference is shown. Total inches, decimal feet and metric values are not rounded. Negative results from subtraction are shown with a minus sign.